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Quick Medical Diagnosis & Treatment
Acidosis, Metabolic, Decreased or Normal Anion Gap
Sections: Key Features, Essentials of Diagnosis, General Considerations , Renal tubular acidosis (RTA), Clinical Findings, Symptoms and Signs, Diagnosis, Laboratory Tests, Treatment, Medications, Outcome, Complications, When to Refer, When to Admit, References,
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Topics Discussed: metabolic acidosis; metabolic acidosis, normal anion gap; renal tubular acidosis.
Excerpt: | |  Hyperchloremic acidosis with a normal anion gap and normal or near normal glomerular filtration rate, in the absence of diarrhea
Three major types of RTA can be differentiated by the clinical setting: urinary pH, urinary anion gap (see below), serum K+ level Type I (distal H+ secretion defect) | | – Due to selective deficiency in H+ secretion in the distal nephron – Low serum K+ – Despite acidosis, urinary pH cannot be acidified (urine pH > 5.5) – Associated with autoimmune disease, hypercalcemia |
Type II (proximal HCO3– reabsorption defect)
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