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Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 24e
Section VI. Respiratory Physiology
Sections: Respiratory Physiology.
Topics Discussed: circulatory and respiratory physiology; respiratory physiology.
Excerpt:"Respiration, or the uptake of O2 and removal of CO2 from the body as a whole, is the primary goal of the lung. At rest, a normal human breathes 12-15 times a minute. With each breath containing  500 mL of air, this translates to 6-8 L of air that is inspired and expired every minute. Once the air reaches the depths of the lung in the alveoli, simple diffusion allows O2 to enter the blood in the pulmonary capillaries and CO2 to enter the alveoli, from where it can be expired. Using some basic math, on average, 250 mL of O2 enters the body per minute and 200 mL of CO2 is excreted. In addition to the O2 that enters the respiratory system, inspired air also contains a variety of particulates that must be properly filtered and/or removed to maintain lung health. Finally, although we have a certain amount of control over breathing, most of the minute to minute function, including the fine adjustments necessary for proper lung function, are accomplished independ-ent of voluntary control. The goal of this section is to review basic concepts that underlie important aspects of the control and outcome of breathing as well as to highlight other important functions in respiratory p..."
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