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Williams Obstetrics, 23e
| Section VII. Obstetrical Complications > |
Chapter 44. Cardiovascular Disease
Sections: Cardiovascular Disease: Introduction, Physiological Considerations in Pregnancy, Diagnosis of Heart Disease, General Management, Surgically Corrected Heart Disease, Valvular Heart Disease, Congenital Heart Disease, Pulmonary Hypertension, Other Cardiovascular Conditions, Diseases of the Aorta, Ischemic Heart Disease, References.
Topics Discussed: cardiac disease in pregnancy; cardiovascular disorders.
Excerpt:"According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, heart disease is the leading cause of death in women who are 25 to 44 years old (Kung and colleagues, 2008). Cardiac disorders of varying severity complicate approximately 1 percent of pregnancies and contribute significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality rates. For example, Chang and co-workers (2003) reported that cardiomyopathy alone was responsible for 8 percent of 4200 pregnancy-related deaths in the United States from 1991 to 1999. From Brazil, Avila and associates (2003) reported the maternal mortality rate to be 2.7 percent in 1000 pregnancies complicated by heart disease. In addition to maternal mortality, cardiac disorders accounted for 7.6 percent of severe obstetrical morbidities diagnosed during hospitalization for delivery in the United States from 1991 to 2003 (Callaghan and associates, 2008)...."
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