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Quick Medical Diagnosis & Treatment
Tetralogy of Fallot
Sections: Key Features, Essentials of Diagnosis, General Considerations, Clinical Findings, Symptoms and Signs, Diagnosis, Imaging Studies, Diagnostic Studies, Treatment, Surgery, Outcome, Follow-Up, Complications, Prognosis, When to Refer, References.
Excerpt: | |  Five features are characteristic:
| | – Ventricular septal defect (VSD) – Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) – Right ventricular (RV) outflow obstruction from infundibular stenosis – Overriding aorta (< 50% of the aorta over the septum) in half – A right-sided aortic arch in 25% |
Most adult patients have undergone surgical repair, usually with an RV outflow patch and VSD closure Physical examination may be deceptive after classic tetralogy repair, with wide-open pulmonary valve regurgitation often present if a transannular patch was used Echocardiography/Doppler may underestimate significant pulmonary valve regurgitation; be wary if the RV is enlarged
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