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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
Chapter 70. World Demography of Aging
Sections: World Demography of Aging: Introduction, Historical, Regional Aging–Numbers and Percentages Older Than Age 60 Years, Numbers–Population Size Projections, Growth of the Oldest Old Population–Those over Age 85, The Future of Life Expectancy, Dependency and Caregiving Ratios, The Epidemiologic Transition–Changes in the Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, Summary, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: aging; demographic transition; demography.
Excerpt:"Population aging is transforming the world in dramatic and fundamental ways. The age distributions of populations have changed and will continue to change radically, due to long-term declines in fertility rates and improvements in mortality rates (Table 70-1). This transformation, known as the Demographic Transition, is also accompanied by an epidemiological transition, in which noncommunicable chronic diseases are becoming the major causes of death and contributors to the burden of disease and disability. A concomitant of population aging is the change in key ratios expressing "dependency" of one form or another—the ratio of adults in the workforce to those typically out of the workforce, such as infants, children, retired "young old" (those still active in many ways other than paid work) and the oldest old. Global aging will affect economic growth, migration, patterns of work and retirement, family structures, pension and health systems, and even trade and the relative standing of nations. Both numbers (the size of an age group) and ratios (the ratio of those in the labor force age group to dependants such as the young or retired, or the ratio of children to older people) are important. The size of population age groups might affect the number of hospital beds needed,..."
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