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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 8. Infectious Diseases > Section 9. Spirochetal Diseases > |
Chapter 170. Endemic Treponematoses
Sections: Endemic Treponematoses: Introduction, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: endemic treponematoses; treponemal infections.
Excerpt:"The endemic, or nonvenereal, treponematoses are bacterial infections caused by close relatives of Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum, the etiologic agent of venereal syphilis (Chap. 169). Yaws, pinta, and endemic syphilis are traditionally distinguished from venereal syphilis by mode of transmission, age of acquisition, geographic distribution, and clinical features. These infections are limited to rural areas of developing nations and are seen in developed countries only among recent immigrants from endemic regions. Our "knowledge" about the endemic treponematoses is based on observations by health care workers who have visited endemic areas; virtually no well-designed studies of the natural history, diagnosis, or treatment of these infections have been conducted. The treponemal infections are compared and contrasted in Table 170-1.The endemic treponematoses are chronic diseases transmitted by direct contact during childhood and, like syphilis, can cause severe late manifestations years after initial infection. In a World Health Organization (WHO)–sponsored mass eradication campaign from 1952 to 1969, more than 160 million people in Africa, Asia, and South America were examined for treponemal infections, and more than..."
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