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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 14. Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System > Section 1. Disorders of the Alimentary Tract > |
Chapter e37. The Schilling Test
Sections: The Schilling Test: Introduction.
Topics Discussed: gastrointestinal tract evaluation; schilling test.
Excerpt:"The Schilling test is performed to determine the cause for cobalamin malabsorption. Unfortunately, this test has not been available commercially in the United States for the last few years. Since understanding the physiology and pathophysiology of cobalamin absorption is very valuable for enhancing one's understanding of aspects of gastric, pancreatic, and ileal function, discussion of the Schilling test is provided as supplemental information to Chap. 294. Since cobalamin absorption requires multiple steps, including gastric, pancreatic, and ileal processes, the Schilling test also can be used to assess the integrity of those other organs (Chap. 105). Cobalamin is present primarily in meat. Except in strict vegans, dietary cobalamin deficiency is exceedingly uncommon. Dietary cobalamin is bound in the stomach to a glycoprotein called R-binder protein, which is synthesized in both the stomach and the salivary glands. This cobalamin–R binder complex is formed in the acid milieu of the stomach. Cobalamin absorption has an absolute requirement for intrinsic factor, another glycoprotein synthesized and released by gastric parietal cells, to promote its uptake by specific cobalamin receptors on the brush border of ileal enterocytes. Pancreatic protease enzymes split the..."
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