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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 8. Infectious Diseases > Section 16. Fungal Infections > |
Chapter 199. Histoplasmosis
Sections: Histoplasmosis: Introduction, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: fungal infections, invasive; histoplasmosis.
Excerpt:"Histoplasma capsulatum, a thermal dimorphic fungus, is the etiologic agent of histoplasmosis. In most endemic areas, H. capsulatum var. capsulatum is the causative agent; in Africa, H. capsulatum var. duboisii is also found. Mycelia—the naturally infectious form of Histoplasma—have a characteristic appearance, with microconidial and macroconidial forms. Microconidia are oval and are small enough (2–4  m) to reach the terminal bronchioles and alveoli. Shortly after infecting the host, mycelia transform into the yeasts that are found inside macrophages and other phagocytes. The yeast forms are characteristically small (2–5 m), with occasional narrow budding. In the laboratory, mycelia are best grown at room temperature, whereas yeasts are grown at 37°C on enriched media...."
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