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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 4. Regenerative Medicine > |
Chapter 67. Applications of Stem Cell Biology in Clinical Medicine
Sections: Applications of Stem Cell Biology in Clinical Medicine: Introduction, General Strategies for Stem Cell Replacement, Sources of Stem Cells for Tissue Repair, Disease-Specific Applications of Stem Cells, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: stem cell therapy; stem cells.
Excerpt:"Damage to an organ initiates a series of events that lead to the reconstruction of the damaged tissue, including proliferation, differentiation and migration of various cell types, release of cytokines and chemokines, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Endogenous stem and progenitor cells are among the cell populations that are involved in the injury responses. In normal steady-state conditions, an equilibrium is maintained in which endogenous stem cells intrinsic to the tissue replenish dying cells. After tissue injury, stem cells in organs, such as the liver and skin, have a remarkable ability to regenerate the organ, whereas other stem cell populations, such as those in the heart and brain, have a much more limited capability for self-repair. In rare circumstances, circulating stem cells may contribute to regenerative responses by migrating into a tissue and differentiating into organ-specific cell types. The goal of stem cell therapies is to promote cell replacement in organs that are damaged beyond their ability for self-repair...."
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