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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 8. Infectious Diseases > Section 5. Diseases Caused by Gram-Positive Bacteria > |
Chapter 136. Streptococcal Infections
Sections: Streptococcal Infections: Introduction, Group a Streptococci, Streptococci of Groups C and G, Group B Streptococci, Nonenterococcal Group D Streptococci, Viridans and Other Streptococci, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: streptococcal infections.
Excerpt:"Many varieties of streptococci are found as part of the normal flora colonizing the human respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts. Several species are important causes of human disease. Group A Streptococcus (GAS, S. pyogenes) is responsible for streptococcal pharyngitis, one of the most common bacterial infections of school-age children, and for the postinfectious syndromes of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN). Group B Streptococcus (GBS, S. agalactiae) is the leading cause of bacterial sepsis and meningitis in newborns and a major cause of endometritis and fever in parturient women. Viridans streptococci are the most common cause of bacterial endocarditis. Enterococci, which are morphologically similar to streptococci, are now considered a separate genus on the basis of DNA homology studies. Thus, the species previously designated as S. faecalis and S. faecium have been renamed Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium, respectively. The enterococci are discussed in Chap. 137...."
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