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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 8. Infectious Diseases > Section 6. Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria > |
Chapter 154. Shigellosis
Sections: Shigellosis: Introduction, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: gastrointestinal infections and enterotoxigenic poisonings; shigella; shigella infection.
Excerpt:"The discovery of Shigella as the etiologic agent of dysentery—a clinical syndrome of fever, intestinal cramps, and frequent passage of small, bloody, mucopurulent stools—is attributed to the Japanese microbiologist Kiyoshi Shiga, who isolated the Shiga bacillus (now known as Shigella dysenteriae type 1) from patients' stools in 1897 during a large and devastating dysenteryepidemic. Shigella cannot be distinguished from Escherichia coli by DNA hybridization and remains a separate species only on historical and clinical grounds.Shigella is a nonspore-forming, gram-negative bacterium that, unlike E. coli, is nonmotile and does not produce gas from sugars, decarboxylate lysine, or hydrolyze arginine. Some serovars produce indole, and occasional strains utilize sodium acetate. S.dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S.boydii, and S. sonnei (serogroups A, B, C, and D, respectively) can be differentiated on the basis of biochemical and serologic characteristics. Genome sequencing of E. coli K12, S. flexneri 2a, S. sonnei, S. dysenteriae type 1, and S. boydii has revealed that these species have  93% of genes in common...."
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