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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 11. Disorders of the Respiratory System > Section 2. Diseases of the Respiratory System > |
Chapter 255. Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Pulmonary Infiltrates with Eosinophilia
Sections: Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, Pulmonary Infiltrates with Eosinophilia, Global Picture of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Pulmonary Infiltrates with Eosinophilia, Acknowledgments, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: hypersensitivity pneumonitis; pulmonary eosinophilia.
Excerpt:"First described in 1874, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), or extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is an inflammatory disorder of the lung involving alveolar walls and terminal airways that is induced by repeated inhalation of a variety of organic agents in a susceptible host. The expression of HP depends on factors related to the host susceptibility and the inciting agent. The frequency of HP varies with the environmental exposure and the specific antigen involved, which often depends on season, geographic location, or presence of certain industries.Agents implicated as causes of HP are diverse and include those listed in Table 255-1. The common name of each disease often reflects the occupational or avocational risk associated with that disease. In the United States, the most common types of HP are farmer's lung, bird fancier's lung, and chemical worker's lung. In farmer's lung, inhalation of proteins, such as thermophilic bacteria and fungal spores that are present in moldy bedding and feed, are most commonly responsible for the development of HP. These antigens are probably also responsible for the etiology of mushroom worker's disease (moldy composted growth medium), bagassosis (moldy sugar cane), and water-related exposure (molds in air conditioners..."
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