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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 11. Disorders of the Respiratory System > Section 2. Diseases of the Respiratory System > |
Chapter 258. Bronchiectasis and Lung Abscess
Sections: Bronchiectasis, Lung Abscess, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: respiratory tract infections, lower.
Excerpt:"Bronchiectasis refers to an irreversible airway dilation that involves the lung in either a focal or a diffuse manner and that classically has been categorized as cylindrical or tubular (the most common form), varicose, or cystic.Bronchiectasis can arise from infectious or noninfectious causes (Table 258-1). Clues to the underlying etiology are often provided by the pattern of lung involvement. Focal bronchiectasis refers to bronchiectatic changes in a localized area of the lung and can be a consequence of obstruction of the airway—either extrinsic (e.g., due to compression by adjacent lymphadenopathy or parenchymal tumor mass) or intrinsic (e.g., due to an airway tumor or aspirated foreign body, a scarred/stenotic airway, or bronchial atresia from congenital underdevelopment of the airway). Diffuse bronchiectasis is characterized by widespread bronchiectatic changes throughout the lung and often arises from an underlying systemic or infectious disease process.Antibiotics targeting the causative or presumptive pathogen (with Haemophilus influenzae and P. aeruginosa isolated commonly) should be administered in acute exacerbations, usually for a minimum of 7–10 days. Decisions about treatment..."
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