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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 17. Neurologic Disorders > Section 1. Diagnosis of Neurologic Disorders > |
Chapter 366. Biology of Neurologic Diseases
Sections: Biology of Neurologic Diseases: Introduction, Neurogenetics, Ion Channels and Channelopathies, Neurotransmitters and Neurotransmitter Receptors, Signaling Pathways and Gene Transcription, Myelin, Neurotrophic Factors, Stem Cells and Transplantation, Cell Death: Excitotoxicity and Apoptosis, Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Systems Neuroscience, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: neurologic disorders; pathophysiology of nervous system disorders.
Excerpt:"The human nervous system is the organ of consciousness, cognition, ethics, and behavior; as such, it is the most intricate structure known to exist. More than one-third of the 23,000 genes encoded in the human genome are expressed in the nervous system. Each mature brain is composed of 100 billion neurons, several million miles of axons and dendrites, and >1015 synapses. Neurons exist within a dense parenchyma of multifunctional glial cells that synthesize myelin, preserve homeostasis, and regulate immune responses. Measured against this background of complexity, the achievements of molecular neuroscience have been extraordinary. This chapter reviews selected themes in neuroscience that provide a context for understanding fundamental mechanisms that underlie neurologic disorders...."
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